Electronic Nose for Microbiological Quality Control of Food Products

Table 1

Applications of chemical sensors in the food microbiology sector.

Food category	Specific product	Instrumental system and/or sensor technology	Nature of the contamination	Reference
Grains	Maize	EOS835, Sacmi; (thin film MOX)	Fungi and fumonisins	[15, 20]
		MOX	Aflatoxins	[19]
	Maize	LibraNose; (quartz Microbalances)	Fungi	[17]
		Polymers	Fungi	[18]
	Barley	Cyranose-320 (carbon-black polymer sensors)	Fungi	[38]
		VCM 422 S-SENCE MOSFET, tin oxide Taguchi sensors	Fungi	[16]
		VCM 422 S-SENCE MOSFET, tin oxide Taguchi sensors	Fungi, Ochratoxin A	[39]
	Oats rye and barley	MOSFET and Taguchi	Fungi and bacteria	[40]
Bakery products	Bakery analogous	MS e-nose	Fungi	[22]
	Bread analogous	Bloodhound BH-114	Bacteria, yeasts, and fungi	[23]
Meat	Beef strip loins	Cyranose-320™ (Carbon-black polymer sensors)	Bacteria	[24]
	Beef strip loins	Taguchi sensors	Bacteria (Salmonella typhimurium)	[25]
	Beef and sheep meat	Taguchi sensors	Bacteria	[26]
	Pork	MOX	Bacteria	[27]
Fish	Sardines	Doped tin oxide	Bacteria	[31]
	Alaska pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha)	Cyranose 320 (carbon-black polymer sensors)	Bacteria	[30]
	Fresh Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)	AromaScan (conductive polymers)	Bacteria	[29]
	Cold-smoked Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)	FishNose (GEMINI-6 MOS sensor)	Bacteria	[28]
Milk and dairy product	Milk	MOX, MOSFET	Bacteria	[41]
	Ewe milk	MOX, MOSFET	Aflatoxin B1	[32]
	Milk	Polymer sensors	Bacteria, yeasts	[42]
	Milk	MOX	Bacteria	[14]
Processed vegetables/fruit	Onion	Smith Detection Inc., Pasadena, CA (Polymer sensors)	Bacteria, fungi	[33]
	Tomatoes	EOS835, Sacmi (thin-film MOX)	Fungi, bacteria, yeasts	[34]
	Fruit juices	EOS835, Sacmi (thin-film MOX)	Bacteria (Alicyclobacillus)	[13, 35]
Drinks	Soft drinks	EOS835, Sacmi (thin-film MOX)	Bacteria (Alicyclobacillus)	[36]
	Red wine	FOX 3000 Alpha MOs (MOX sensors)	Yeast (Brettanomyces)	[37]