Goat Genomic Resources: The Search for Genes Associated with Its Economic Traits

Table 3

Genes that are related to prolificacy/litter size trait in goat.

Gene name	Chromosome	Exon	Function	Founder breeds/population	References
SMAD2	24	12	Maintain normal fertile oogenesis and some ovulatory processes of a female	Laoshan dairy goat	[53, 54]
ADCY1	4	20	Involved in oocyte meiotic arrest and resumption	Guizhou Small goat, Laoshan dairy goat	[18, 53]
CCNB2	10	9	Activate Cdk1 (cyclin-dependent kinase1) in oocytes	Laoshan dairy goat	[53, 55, 56]
AR	X	8	Plays an essential role in reproduction by transmitting androgen signals	Laoshan dairy goat	[53, 57, 58]
DNMT3B	13	22	Play a role in preimplantation embryo development	Laoshan dairy goat	[53]
AMHR2	5	11	Works as a negative regulator of ovulation
ERBB2	19	27	Involved in the several physiological mechanisms including calcium signalling pathway
FGFR1	27	20	Involved in the MAPK signalling pathway. May take part in fecundity traits in dairy goats
MAP3K12	5	16
THEM4	3	6
SETDB2	12	14
CDH26	13	16
KHDRBS2	23	9	Associated with pregnancy status	Meigu goat	[13, 62]
BMP15	X	2	Stimulates follicle growth, granulosa cell proliferation, and cell survival signalling	Guizhou goat	[64–67]
BMPR1B or FecB	6	20	Plays an important role in increasing ovulation rate and litter size	Black Bengal, Boer, and Matou goat	[70, 71, 75]
KISS	16	2	Associated with a litter size of the goat reproduction system	Indian goat, Chinese black goat, and Boer goat	[50]
GDF9	7	3
POUF1	1	6
PRLR	20	11
GPR54	7	5
IGF1	5	7
FSHR	11	10
PRP 1	18	6	Regulation of reproductive processes
PRP 6	18	5