Understanding the Mechanisms of Proteinuria: Therapeutic Implications

Figure 3

Schematic representation of the interaction between angiotensin II and guanylyl cyclase-dependent systems through AT1 and AT2 receptor in the podocyte. In podocytes, the guanylyl cyclase system may be modulated by angiotensin II via both AT1 receptor through pGC or AT2 receptor through sGC. In the absence of angiotensin II, both ANP and NO may also activate pGC and sGC, respectively. Abbreviations: cGMP: cyclic guanosine 5′-monophosphate; ANP: atrial natriuretic peptide; NO: nitric oxide; NPR-A: guanylyl cyclase-linked receptor for ANP; PKC: protein kinase C; sGC: soluble guanylyl cyclase; pGC: particulate guanylyl cyclase; PDE: phosphodiesterase. (Adapted from [81]).