Renal Manifestations in Scleroderma: Evidence for Subclinical Renal Disease as a Marker of Vasculopathy

Table 1

Reported renal manifestations of scleroderma.

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Reported renal manifestations of scleroderma

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Scleroderma renal crisis

Normotensive scleroderma renal crisis

Myeloperoxidase-Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (MPO-ANCA) associated glomerulonephritis and vasculitis

Penicillamine-associated renal disease

Antiphospholipid-associated nephropathy

Isolated reduced glomerular filtration rate

Reduced renal functional reserve

Microalbuminuria and proteinuria

Scleroderma-associated vasculopathy manifested by abnormal renal vascular resistance indices and endothelial markers

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