Autoantibodies in Autoimmune Pancreatitis

Table 1

Main disease-related autoantibody specificities in autoimmune pancreatitis. Several autoantibodies have been detected in the sera of patients with autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP). Although none have been established to be disease specific, it appears that a loss of tolerance to several pancreatic antigens may be involved in the initiation of AIP. The prevalence of antibodies against carbonic anhydrase, lactoferrin, heat-shock protein 10, amylase alpha, plasminogen-binding protein, and pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor antigens, key references of studies investigating autoantibodies against these antigens as well as the origin of the cohorts are provided. Information regarding conventional autoantibodies, such as, antinuclear and smooth muscle autoantibodies is provided within the text.

Autoantibody/antigen	Number of AIP sera tested	Patient origin	Frequency in confirmed AIP (%)	Frequency in controls	Reference
Anticarbonic Anhydrase-II	17	Japanese	59	—	[45]
	54	Japanese	28	1.9 healthy controls, 10.5 chronic alcoholic pancreatitis, 64 Sjogren’s	[47]
	33	Japanese	33	62 Sjögren’s	[62]
	48	European	12.5	0 healthy controls	[63]
Antilactoferrin	17	Japanese	76	—	[45]
	48	European	20.8	0	[63]
Anticarbonic Anhydrase-IV	—	Japanese	27 (protein), 30 (peptide)	0 healthy controls, 45 (protein) Sjögren’s, 20 (peptide) Sjögren’s	[49]
Heat-shock protein 10	—	Japanese	92	81 type 1 diabetes mellitus, 8 chronic alcoholic pancreatitis, 1.4 healthy controls	[53]
Amylase-2α	15	Japanese	100	88 type 1 diabetes mellitus, 6 type 2 diabetes mellitus, 0 chronic alcoholic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer	[52]
Plasminogen-binding protein antibodies	20	European	95 (93 in second series)	10 pancreatic cancer (1 in second series), 0 chronic alcoholic pancreatitis and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm	[54]
Antitrypsinogens	19	German	79 on ELISA	10 non-AIP chronic cholangitis and healthy controls	[51]
Antipancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor	26	Japanese	42.3 on western blot, 30.8 on ELISA	0	[50]