Review Article
Review on Pervaporation: Theory, Membrane Performance, and Application to Intensification of Esterification Reaction
Table 2
Overview of membrane performance parameters of different pervaporation systems.
| System | Membrane | Parameters | Reference | Temperature (°C) | Flux (kg/m2h) | Selectivity |
| Water/isobutyl acetate | PDMS | 70 | 4.429 | 1.421 | [47] |
| Water/isobutyl acetate | PERVAP 1201 | 70 | 0.712 | 686.5 | [47] |
| Water/ethyl acetate | Hydrophilic | 40 | 0.448 (mol/m2h) | — | [109] |
| Water/ethyl acetate | Hydrophobic | 40 | 7.505 (mol/m2h) | — | [109] |
| Water/ethyl lactate |
Glutaral cross-linked chitosan (GCCS)/carbomer (CP)/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) | 80 | 1.247 | 256 | [46] |
| Water/ethyl lactate |
Glutaral cross-linked gelatin (GCGE)/PAN | 80 | 1.08 | 298 | [46] |
| Water/ethyl lactate |
Glutaral cross-linked hyaluronic acid (GCHA)/hydrolysis modification (HM)-PAN) | 80 | 1.634 | 233 | [46] |
| Water/ethyl oleate | PERVAP 1000 | 25 | 0.215 | 120 | [110] |
| Water/n-butanol | PVA/PES | 75 | 0.14 | 135 | [48] |
| n-Butyl acetate/methanol | PERVAP 2255-50 | 41 | — | 3.5 | [111] |
| Isobutyl acetate/water | Cross-linked PDMS | 60 | 3.7 | 1.4 |
[95] |
| Water/ethanol | Polyvinyl alcohol | 90–100 | 0–2 | 50–2000 | [112] |
| Water/ethanol | Polyamide-6 | 80 | 1.15 | 2 | [113] |
| Water/dioxane | Polyamide-6 | 35 | 0.04 | 45 | [114] |
| Water/acetic acid | Polyamide-6/PAA | 15 | 0.005 | 82 | [115] |
| Water/isopropanol | PESS Li+ | 25 | 0.087 | 40 | [116] |
| Water/isopropanol | PESS K+ | 25 | 0.026 | 60 | [116] |
| Acetone/water | Polypropylene | 116 | 0.1–1.2 | 3 | [117] |
| Isopropanol/water | Silicone rubber | 25 | 0.03–0.11 | 9–22 | [118] |
| Butanol/water | Silicone rubber | 30 | <0.035 | 45–65 | [119] |
| Butyl acetate/water | PDMS | 50 | 0.55 | 370 | [120] |
| Ethanol/water | Zeolite NaA | 95 | 3.35 | 5100 | [121] |
| Water/acetic acid | Pervatech | 75 | 2.5 | 150 | [122] |
| Water/isopropanol | Pervatech | 100 | 4.0 | 250 | [122] |
| Ethanol/water | Polyacrylonitrile | 70 | 0.03 | 12500 | [123] |
| Ethanol/water | Polyvinyl alcohol | 70 | 0.38 | 140 | [123] |
| Ethanol/water | Polyhydrazide | 70 | 1.65 | 19 | [123] |
| Methanol/isopropanol | Polypyrrole | 58 | 0.004 | 2 | [124] |
| Water/n-butanol | PVA membrane | 70–90 | 0.154–0.184 | 12.2–16.5 | [125] |
| Water/n-butyl acetate | PVA membrane | 70–90 | 0.15–0.196 | 432–441 | [125] |
| Water/acetic acid | PVA membrane | 70–90 | 0.176–0.192 | 9.0–10.8 | [125] |
| Water/methanol | CS-TEOS | 60–80 |
0.005–0.29 | 450–1150 | [73] |
| Ethanol/water | Tri-n-octylamine (liquid membrane) | 54 | 0.0598 | 100 | [75] |
| Ethyl acetate/water | Surface modified alumina membrane | 40 | 0.254 | 66.9–78.9 | [76] |
| Ethyl propionate/water | Surface modified alumina membrane | 40 | 0.343 | 106.5–97.3 | [76] |
| Ethyl butyrate/water | Surface modified alumina membrane | 40 | 0.377 | 120.5–122.8 | [76] |
| Water/ethanol | Modified porous glass | 79 | 0.1 | 1630 | [126] |
| Water/ethanol | Polyimide | 75 | 0.01 | 850 | [127] |
|
|