Research Article
Membrane Fouling and Chemical Cleaning in Three Full-Scale Reverse Osmosis Plants Producing Demineralized Water
Figure 1
Key performance parameters NPD (a) and (b) of plant location I. Vertical lines indicate CIP. Horizontal lines indicate performance with new membranes [day zero]. From this installation, a lead element from the first stage was taken before (25.01.2011) and directly after the last CIP indicated (02.02.2011). Time points of membrane autopsies are indicated with dark grey arrows.
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