Research Article
Membrane Fouling and Chemical Cleaning in Three Full-Scale Reverse Osmosis Plants Producing Demineralized Water
Table 3
CIP procedures for (bio)organic fouling removal at laboratory scale.
| | | Adapted procedure (AP) I | Adapted procedure (AP) II |
| | Feed pressure | 1 bar | 1 bar | | Total duration | 4.5 hours | 3 hours | | Step1 | Prerinsing with demi water | Prerinsing with demi water | | Step2 | Acid, P3-Ultrasil 73
45 min; T = 45°C; C = 1.5% v/v; pH = 2.5 | Alkaline, P3-Ultrasil 110
30 min; T = 30°C; C = 1.5% v/v; pH = 12.1–12.3 | | Step3 | Rinsing with demi water | Rinsing with demi water | | Step 4 | Neutral, P3-Ultrasil 53
90 min; T = 37°C; C = 1.5% w/v; pH = 9.6–10 | Acid, P3-Ultrasil 73
30 min; T = 45°C; C = 1% v/v; pH = 2.5 | | Step 5 | Neutral, P3-Ultrasil 53
30 min; T = 30–45°C; C = 4% w/v; pH = 8–10 | Rinsing with demi water | | Step6 | Rinsing with demi water | Alkaline, P3-Ultrasil 110
30 min; T = 35°C; C = 0.8% v/v; pH = 11.6–11.8 | | Step7 | Sanitizing, P3-oxonia active
60 min; °C; C = 1% v/v | Final rinsing with demi water | | Step8 | Final rinsing with demi water | |
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demi water = dimineralized water.
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