Research Article

Do White Shark Bites on Surfers Reflect Their Attack Strategies on Pinnipeds?

Table 2

Categorization of body areas, wound intensity, and board damage caused by white sharks during incidents with surfers.

TypeSeverity indexBack/buttocksArm/legBoard

None0Some bruisingNo visual damage

Minor1Superficial cuts, lacerations, and puncturesScratches and very superficial indentations

Moderate2Subcutaneous damage to muscle, without tissue lossModerate cuts and indentations with a maximal mid teeth penetration, with no loss of material

Serious3Deep cuts, tissue loss, and bone damageDeep cuts and indentations with a full teeth penetration, with small board parts missing

Severe4Organ damage with and without tissue lossLarge tissue loss, including partial limb lossPartial bite pieces
missing, heavy damage

Total5Extended organ damage, with heavy tissue lossEntire limb lossFull bite piece(s)
missing, total damage