Bifocal and Multifocal Contact Lenses for Presbyopia and Myopia Control

Table 1

Summary of results of recent studies evaluating the photopic binocular high and/or low contrast visual acuity at distance (4 to 6 m) and near (33 to 40 cm) in presbyopic patients fitted with simultaneous image contact lenses. Visual acuity is expressed in LogMAR units.

Author (year)	Lens type/fitting	n (Rx) (age)	Distance high contrast (LogMAR)	Distance low contrast (LogMAR)	Near high contrast (LogMAR)	Near low contrast (LogMAR)
Richdale et al. (2006) [98]	Monovision; SofLens 59 MF	38 (−0.81 ± 0.10); (50.11 ± 4.70)	−0.10 ± 0.10; −0.12 ± 0.09	0.08 ± 0.15; 0.08 ± 0.15	−0.03 ± 0.09; 0.01 ± 0.12	0.14 ± 0.10; 0.21 ± 0.14
Gupta et al. (2009) [99]	Monovision; Purevision MF	20 (−1.42 ± 2.87); (55.0 ± 5.1)	−0.01 ± 0.07; 0.05 ± 0.08		0.11 ± 0.11; 0.21 ± 0.13
García-Lázaro et al. (2012) [100]	Monovision; Pinhole	22 (0.11 ± 0.12); (57.3 ± 5.8)	0.00 ± 0.09; 0.02 ± 0.04	0.13 ± 0.12; 0.16 ± 0.06	0.08 ± 0.16; 0.40 ± 0.19
Llorente-Guillemot et al. (2012) [101]	Spectacles; Purevision MF	20 (−1.42 ± 2.87); (53.2 ± 5.3)	−0.05 ± 0.07; −0.01 ± 0.03	0.10 ± 0.06; 0.18 ± 0.05	−0.08 ± 0.06; −0.02 ± 0.05
Madrid-Costa et al. (2013) [102]	Purevision MF; Oasys MF	20 (+0.35 ± 1.78); (45.1 ± 2.3)	0.00 ± 0.08; 0.01 ± 0.08	0.11 ± 0.09; 0.20 ± 0.58	0.15 ± 0.08; 0.20 ± 0.05
Fernandes et al. (2013) [97]	Monovision; Biofinity MF	20 (−0.91 ± 2.25); 48.7 ± 3.3	−0.08 ± 0.09; −0.09 ± 0.08	0.11 ± 0.08; 0.11 ± 0.06	0.05 ± 0.10; 0.04 ± 0.07	0.23 ± 0.12; 0.21 ± 0.09
Bakaraju et al. (2018) [103]	Airoptix; Oasys MF; EDOF	43 (−0.65 ± 0.88); (53 ± 5)	−0.07 ± 0.08; −0.06 ± 0.08; −0.07 ± 0.06	0.22 ± 0.10; 0.27 ± 0.09; 0.27 ± 0.10	0.13 ± 0.13; 0.12 ± 0.11; 0.10 ± 0.11
Sha et al. (2016) [104]	Airoptix; Oasys MF	42 (−0.35 ± 0.80); (58 ± 6)	−0.04 ± 0.06; −0.02 ± 0.09	0.28 ± 0.08; 0.31 ± 0.12	0.48 ± 0.20; 0.52 ± 0.22
Tilia et al. (2017) [105]	Airoptix; EDOF	41 (−0.6 ± 0.70); (53 ± 6)	−0.06 ± 0.05; −0.06 ± 0.05	0.25 ± 0.10; 0.24 ± 0.04	0.48 ± 0.22; 0.42 ± 0.18