Stages of Change Model for Participation in Physical Activity during Pregnancy
Table 3
Comparison of background and health variables between the five stages of change (TTM). Results are presented as means with standard deviation (SD), in addition to number and percentages. With the exception of age and prepreg BMI, all variables are yes/no responses. Missing data are reported for each outcome as there are different response rates for several variables.
Stages of exercise
PC
C
P
A
M
Missing
P value
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
Stage 4
Stage 5
Age
36.6 (4.2)
30.9 (4.1)
31.4 (4.0)
29.3 (4.1)
31.8 (3.9)
8
0.009
College/university education
4(80%)
43 (78.2%)
129 (84.9%)
6 (100%)
198 (82.8%)
9
0.2
Multiparous
5 (100%)
33 (60%)
74 (48.7%)
1 (16.7%)
97 (40.2%)
7
0.005
Pelvic girdle pain
3 (60%)
40 (72.7%)
72 (48%)
3 (50%)
142 (59.2%)
10
0.037
Urinary incontinence
4 (80%)
19 (34.5%)
44 (28.9%)
0
49 (20.3%)
7
0.004
Sick-listed 3rd trimester
2 (40%)
0
59 (39.9%)
0
78 (32.9%)
20
0.5
Daily smokers 3rd trimester
0
1 (1.8%)
4 (2.6%)
0
7 (2.9%)
7
1.0
Prepreg BMI
24.4 (3.6)
22.9 (3.7)
24.7 (4.0)
23.7 (4.6)
23.0 (3.2)
9
0.001
Prepreg BMI ≥25
0
12 (21.8%)
64 (42.1%)
1 (16.7%)
52 (21.6%)
7
0.001
“I consider my eating habits unhealthy”
1 (20%)
24 (45.3%)
61 (40.4%)
1 (16.7%)
46 (19.2%)
11
0.000
“I have received advice about PA in present pregnancy”
