American Visceral Leishmaniasis: Factors Associated with Lethality in the State of São Paulo, Brazil

Table 4

Final model of factors associated with VL lethality, state of Sao Paulo, 1999–2005 (multivariate analysis).

	Clinical outcome
Variable	Death	Cured	Total	OR (95% CI)*	𝑃 value**
	𝑛=53	𝑛=323	𝑛=376
High total bilirubin
Total Bilirubin ≥ 2.0 g/dL	13	6	19	7.36 (1.65–32.76)	<0.0001
Severe anemia
Hemoglobin ≤ 5.0 g/dL	7	13	20	4.56 (1.17–17.48)	<0.0001
Antimicrobial agents	34	59	93	5.76 (2.27–14.64)	<0.0001
Age ≥ 50 years	28	17	45	29.54 (10.6–82.6)
Length of illness (days)
Fever >60 days	13	26	39	6.23 (2.05–18.92)	<0.0001
Hemorrhagic manifestations	18	22	40	2.62 (0.93–7.4)	0.0001
Cardiac abnormality	9	10	19	4.73 (1.3–17.23)	<0.0001
Diarrhea	20	52	72	2.76 (1.03–7.43)	<0.0001

*Odds ratio (95% confidence interval). **Likelihood ratio.