Review Article

Factors Contributing to Urban Malaria Transmission in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review

Table 1

Summary of results by year, location, and number of citations.

TopicYears publishedLocations No. citations

Urban, peri-urban, rural comparisons1986–2012Senegal, Gabon, Kenya, Congo, Mozambique, Ethiopia, Uganda, Cameroon, Tanzania, Burkina Faso, Nigeria, Angola, Ghana, Cote d'Ivoire, Benin, Niger, Djibouti, Dakar, Sudan, DRC, Zambia, and Madagascar48
Vector factors1987–2012Benin, Gabon, Kenya, Tanzania, Senegal, Sudan, Nigeria, Uganda, Ghana, Gambia, and DRC18
River1997–2012Gambia, Mali, Tanzania, Sudan, Cameroon, and Niger6
Coast1992–2012Cote d'Ivoire, Benin5
Altitude1993–2012Tanzania, Uganda, Kenya, and Cameroon5
Vector breeding sites (artificial & natural) 1986–2012Mali, Mozambique, Ethiopia, Benin, Cote d'Ivoire, Senegal, Tanzania, Burkina Faso, Kenya, Ghana, Angola, Uganda, Nigeria, Sudan, Cameroon, Gambia, DRC, and Gambia51
Socio-economic status1990–2012Kenya, Tanzania, Ghana, Angola, Nigeria, Malawi, Burkina Faso, and Gambia12
Household1993–2011Ghana, Gabon, Burkina Faso, Tanzania, Cote d'Ivoire, and Gambia9
Community2010–2011Ghana, Gabon2
Travel1994–2012Gabon, Kenya, Guinea, Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, and Gambia6
Adaptation/mutualism2005–2011Gabon, Kenya, Cameroon, Benin, Burkina Faso, Tanzania, Senegal, Ghana, Nigeria, and Cote d'Ivoire13
Control1984–2012Kenya, Mozambique, Ghana, Tanzania, Angola, Burkina Faso, Uganda, Malawi, Gambia, DRC, and Cote d'Ivoire22