Thyroid Autoantibodies in Pregnancy: Their Role, Regulation and Clinical Relevance
Table 2
Regulation of thyroid antibodies in euthyroid and individuals with active thyroid disease.
Downregulated
Upregulated
Euthyroid individuals
(i) Extremes of ages (ii) Pregnancy
(i) Smoking discontinuation (ii) Improvement in immune collapse in HIV (iii) Hep C treatment with interferon (iv) Nuclear fallout (v) Iodine supplementation (vi) Amiodarone, and iodine containing drugs
With thyroid disease
(i) Pregnancy (ii) Radioiodine, after 1 year (iii) Antithyroid drugs (iii) Selenium
(i) Postpartum (ii) Postradioiodine treatment
The table summarizes some of the various agents/events that may downregulate or upregulate thyroid autoantibodies (both TPO and Tg-Ab) in both euthyroid individuals and those with active thyroid disease. Abstracted from [35–47, 49–55].