Lipotoxicity: Effects of Dietary Saturated and Transfatty Acids

Figure 3

Schematic representation of SFA and TFA excess intake effects in the mechanisms of insulin resistance development. IKB: inhibitor of nuclear factor-κB, IKK: inhibitor of nuclear factor-κB kinase, IRAK-1: interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1, IRAK-4: interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4, IRS-1: insulin receptor substrate-1, IRS-2: insulin receptor substrate-2, JNK: Jun N-terminal kinase, MAP kinases: mitogen activated protein kinases, MDY-88: myeloid differentiation primary response gene (88), NF-𝜅B: nuclear factor kappa B, P: phosphorus, TAK: thylakoid arabidopsis kinase, TLR-4: Toll-like receptor-4, TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-alpha, TRAF-6: receptor-associated factor 6.