|
| Type | Author | Model | Approximate cost, availability, logistics | Validity |
|
| Non-animal | Meier et al., 2004 [5] | Silicone and polymer microtubes | $10–100 cost, no need for coordination with the ethics committee, simple technical equipment | High constructive validity, low face validity |
| Guler and Rao, 1990 [6] | Surgical glove | No cost, no need for coordination with the ethics committee, simple technical equipment | High constructive validity, low face validity |
|
| Animal | Bates et al., 2013 [7] | Poultry blood vessels | Little to moderate cost, no need for coordination with the ethics committee, simple technical equipment | High constructive validity, low face validity |
| Shurey et al., 2014 [8] | Live laboratory animals (rat) | Average cost $120, requires protocol approval by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee, requires vivarium and animal care staff, requires pharmaceuticals and training for administration of anesthesia | High face and constructive validity |
| Belykh et al., 2016 [9] | Bovine placental arteries | No to little cost, anatomical relevance, requires coordination with local dairy. Does not require approval from ethics committee | High construct, content, and constructive validity |
|
| Human | Aboud et al., 2002 [10] | Perfused cadavers | High cost of cadaveric material, requires special laboratory space to work with cadaver material, normal vessel structure and feel usually disrupted by preservation techniques | No formal validation performed |
| Tellioglu et al., 2009 [11] | Human cadaveric vessels | High cost of cadaveric material, preservation techniques, time or temperature changes may damage vessel structure and feel, requires special laboratory space to work with cadaver material | No formal validation performed |
| Belykh et al., 2016 [9] | Human placental arteries | No cost, anatomical relevance, requires coordination with obstetrics department, requires protocol approval from the ethics committee | High construct, content, and constructive validity |
|
| Technical | Alrasheed et al., 2014 [12] | Robotic systems | High cost of equipment and services | No formal validity of microscope or robot |
|
