Maximizing the Survival of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patients: Current Perspectives

Figure 1

Signaling Pathway in ALS and Mechanism of Action of Current Therapies. The signaling pathway demonstrates that the neuronal cell death that occurs in ALS is triggered by several mechanisms and different therapy may target different mechanisms. Glutamate toxicity is targeted by Riluzole. Oxidative stress is targeted by Edaravone and mircoglia induced inflammation is targeted by masitinib. Stem cell therapy may target many of the above mechanisms. ROS: reactive oxygen species. EAAT2: excitatory amino acid transporter 2. NMDA: N‑methyl‑d-aspartate. SOD1: superoxide dismutase 1.