Pulmonary Hypertension Secondary to COPD

Table 1

Updated clinical classification of pulmonary hypertension (Dana Point, 2008) [1].

(1) Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH); (1.1) Idiopathic PAH; (1.2) Heritable; (1.2.1) BMPR2; (1.2.2) ALK1, endoglin (with or without hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia); (1.2.3) Unknown; (1.3) Drug- and toxin-induced; (1.4) Associated with; (1.4.1) Connective tissue diseases; (1.4.2) HIV infection; (1.4.3) Portal hypertension; (1.4.4) Congenital heart disease; (1.4.5) Schistosomiasis; (1.4.6) Chronic hemolytic anemia; (1.5) Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn
(i) Pulmonary venoocclusive disease (PVOD) and/or pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis (PCH)
(2) Pulmonary hypertension owing to left-heart disease; (2.1) Systolic dysfunction; (2.2) Diastolic dysfunction; (2.3) Valvular disease
(3) Pulmonary hypertension owing to lung disease and/or hypoxia; (3.1) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); (3.2) Interstitial lung disease; (3.3) Other pulmonary diseases with mixed restrictive and obstructive pattern; (3.4) Sleep-disordered breathing; (3.5) Alveolar hypoventilation disorders; (3.6) Chronic exposure to high altitude; (3.7) Developmental abnormalities
(4) Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH)
(5) Pulmonary hypertension with unclear multifactorial mechanisms; (5.1) Hematologic disorders: myeloproliferative disorders, splenectomy; (5.2) Systemic disorders: sarcoidosis, pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis, lymphangioleiomyomatosis,    neurofibromatosis, vasculitis; (5.3) Metabolic disorders: glycogen storage disease, Gaucher disease, thyroid disorders; (5.4) Others: tumoral obstruction, fibrosing mediastinitis, chronic renal failure on dialysis

Simonneau [1].