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| Study | Research location | n | Treatment design | Aspect evaluated | Evaluations/follow-up | Evaluation methods | Modified Jadad score |
|
| Conti [17] | Brazil | 20 | Laser (10) versus placebo (10) | PI, mandibular function | After each treatment | VAS, MO, LE, PE | 5 |
| Kulekcioglu [49] | Turkey | 35 | Laser (20) versus placebo (15) | PI, mandibular function, joint sounds, | Before, after, and 1 month after treatment | VAS, MO, LE, auscultation | 5 |
| Venancio [19] | Brazil | 30 | Laser (15) versus placebo (15) | PI, mandibular function, pain sensitivity | Immediately before the first, third, and fifth treatment sessions, and at the follow-up appointments after 15, 30, and 60 days of the end of treatment | VAS, MO, LE, PE, PPT | 5 |
| Mazzetto [41] | Brazil | 48 | Laser (24) versus placebo (24) | PI | Before treatment, after the 4th and 8th applications, and 30 d after the last application. | VAS | 6 |
| Cunha [42] | Brazil | 40 | Laser (20) versus placebo (20) | PI, TMD status | Before treatment and after the last treatment | VAS, DI, CMI, palpation index | 5 |
| Carrasco [1] | Brazil | 14 | Laser (7) versus placebo (7) | PI, masticatory efficiency | Before treatment, after the 8th application, 30 days after the last application | VAS, colorimetric capsule method | 5 |
| Emshoff [18] | Austria | 52 | Laser (26) versus placebo (26) | PI | Before treatment and 2, 4, and 8 weeks after the first laser therapy | VAS | 7 |
| Lassemi [50] | Iran | 48 | Laser (26) versus placebo (22) | PI, joint sounds | Before treatment, immediately, 2 and 4 days after treatment | VAS, stethoscope | 3 |
| Carrasco [43] | Brazil | 60 | Laser (30, 3 parameter groups, 10 in each group) versus placebo (30) | PI | Before treatment, after the 4th and 8th applications, 15 days and 1 month after the last application | VAS | 5 |
| Shirani [53] | Iran | 16 | Laser (the combination of two wavelengths, 8) versus placebo (8) | PI | Before and immediately after treatment, 1 week after treatment, and on the day of feeling complete pain relief | VAS | 6 |
| Marini [20] | Italy | 99 | Laser (39) versus ibuprofen versus (30) placebo (30) | PI, mandibular function, morphologic structural analysis of TMJ | PI at baseline, 2, 5, 10, and 15 days after treatment. Mandibular function at baseline, 15 days and 1 month after treatment. MRI at baseline and at the end of the treatment. | VAS, MO, LE, MRI | 6 |
| Sattayut [35] | England | 30 | Low energy laser (10) versus high energy laser (10) versus placebo (10) | PI, pain sensitivity, mandibular movements, EMG activity | Baseline and 1, 3, 5, and 8 days after treatment | VAS, PPT, EMG, McGill pain questionnaire | 6 |
| Silva [36] | Brazil | 45 | Low energy laser (15) versus high energy laser (15) versus placebo (15) | PI, madibular movements | Before treatment, immediately after the first, fifth, tenth treatments, and 5 weeks after completing the applications | VAS, MO, LE, PE | 6 |
| Ferreira [16] | Brazil | 40 | Laser (20) versus placebo (20) | PI | Before intervention, monthly until intervention completed | VAS | 7 |
| Ahrari [44] | Iran | 20 | Laser (10) versus placebo (10) | PI, madibular movements | Before intervention, after six applications, at the end of treatment, and 1 month after the last application | VAS, MO | 6 |
| Demirkol [54] | Turkey | 30 | Laser (10) versus occlusal splint (10) versus placebo (10) | PI | Before treatment, immediately and 3 weeks after treatment | VAS | 4 |
| Röhlig [51] | Turkey | 40 | Laser (20) versus placebo (20) | PI, functional examination, pain sensitivity | Before treatment and after the last applications | VAS, MO, LE, PE, PPT | 8 |
| Wang [21] | China | 42 | Laser (21) versus placebo (21) | PI, functional examination | Before treatment, immediately, 1 month and 2 months after treatment | VAS, MO, LE, PE | 5 |
| Carli [28] | Brazil | 32 | Laser + piroxicam (11) versus laser + placebo piroxicam (11) versus placebo laser + piroxicam (10) | PI, functional examination | Before treatment, after the first, second, third, and fourth treatment sessions, and 30 days after last treatment. | VAS, MO | 8 |
| Fornaini [31] | Italy | 24 | Laser (12) versus placebo (12) | PI | Before treatment, 1 and 2 weeks after treatment | VAS | 5 |
| Sancakli [30] | Turkey | 30 | Laser I (10) versus laser II (10) versus placebo (10) | PI, mandibular mobility, pain sensitivity | Before treatment and after the completion of therapy | VAS, MO, LE, PE, PPT | 7 |
| Frare [52] | Brazil | 18 | Laser (10) versus placebo (8) | PI | Before and immediately after all sessions of laser applications | VAS | 4 |
| Venezian [45] | Brazil | 48 | (1): Laser I (12) versus placebo I (12) | PI, EMG activity | PI: before treatment, immediately and 30 days after treatment | VAS, EMG | 6 |
| (2): Laser II (12) versus placebo II (12) | EMG: before and immediately after treatment |
| Mazzetto [46] | Brazil | 40 | Laser (20) versus placebo (20) | PI, mandibular movements | Before treatment, immediately, 7 and 30 days after applications | VAS, MO, LE | 4 |
| Uemoto [55] | Brazil | 21 | Laser (7) versus needling group (7) versus placebo (7) | PI, EMG activity, pain sensitivity, madibular movements | Before treatment, after four sessions with intervals ranging between 48 and 72 h | VAS, EMG, PPT, MO | 4 |
| Madani [56] | Iran | 20 | Laser (10) versus placebo (10) | PI, madibular movements, joint sounds | Before treatment, after 6 and 12 applications and 1 month after last application | VAS, MO, perceiving joint sounds by the fingertips | 6 |
| Maia [29] | Brazil | 21 | Laser (12) versus placebo (9) | PI, masticatory performance, pain sensitivity | MP and PPT, before treatment, at the end of treatment and 30 days after treatment | VAS, optical test material, PPT | 5 |
| VAS, at the same time as above and was also measured weekly |
| Cavalcanti [47] | Brazil | 60 | Laser (20) versus PDP (20) versus placebo (20) | Presence or absence of pain | Before treatment, at each week till the fourth week after treatment | Muscle tenderness palpation and the questionnaire of fonseca | 4 |
| Magri [48] | Brazil | 91 | Laser (31) versus placebo (30) versus control (30) | PI, pain sensitivity, the sensory and affective dimensions of pain | Before treatment, after each treatment and 30 days after last treatment | VAS, PPT, SF-MPQ | 7 |
| Demirkol [4] | Turkey | 46 | Nd:YAG laser (15) versus diode laser (16) versus placebo (15) | The severity of the tinnitus | Before treatment, immediately and 1 month after treatment | VAS | 4 |
| Machado [40] | Brazil | 82 | GI: laser + OM exercises (21) versus GII: pain relief strategies + OM exercises (22) versus GIII laser placebo + OM exercises (21) versus GIV: laser (18) | PI, TMD severity, and orofacial myofunctional status | Before treatment, immediately and 3 months after last treatment | ProTMDmulti-part II questionnaire, orofacial myofunctional evaluation with scores | 5 |
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