Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depression among Prisoners in Jimma Town Prison, South West Ethiopia

Table 3

Factors associated with depression by bivariate logistic regression among prisoners in Jimma town prison, South West Ethiopia, June 2017 ().

Study variables	Depression		COR (95% CI)	-value
	Yes; (%)	No; (%)
Gender
Female	14 (66.7)	7 (33.3)	2.97 (1.17, 7.58)	0.022
Male	125 (40.2)	186 (59.8)	1
Age (year)
18–20	29 (35.4)	53 (64.6)	0.69 (0.41, 1.17)	0.17
21–25	43 (55.1)	35 (44.9)	2.02 (1.21, 3.38)	0.007
26–33	36 (40.0)	54 (60.0)	0.9 (0.55, 1.47)	0.64
>34	31 (37.8)	51 (62.2)	1
Marital status
Married	55 (41.8)	77 (58.3)	1
Single	71 (39.4)	109 (60.6)	0.805 (0.519, 1.25)	0.33
Other	13 (65.0)	7 (35.0)	2.741 (1.06, 7.062)	0.037
Ethnicity
Oromo	94 (43.1)	124 (56.9)	1
Amhara	22 (43.1)	29 (56.9)	1.06 (0.582, 1.943)	0.842
Dawuro	10 (29.4)	24 (70.6)	0.546 (0.252, 1.182)	0.125
Other	13 (44.8)	16 (55.2)	1.14 (0.53, 2.45)	0.735
Religion
Muslim	80 (42.3)	109 (57.7)	1
Orthodox	47 (42.7)	63 (58.1)	1.05 (0.66, 1.67)	0.82
Protestant	12 (36.4)	21 (63.6)	0.774 (0.367, 1.631)	0.5
Educational status
Illiterate	24 (17.3)	23 (11.9)	0.986 (0.414, 2.35)	0.974
1–8 grade	68 (48.9)	108 (56.0)	1.37 (0.667, 2.821)	0.391
9–12 grade	35 (25.2)	46 (23.8)	0.828 (0.485, 1.412)	0.487
Higher education	12 (8.6)	16 (8.3)	1
Occupation
Unemployed	76 (54.7)	102 (52.8)	1.076 (0.695, 1.667)	0.742
Employed	63 (45.3)	91 (47.2)	1
Residence before incarceration
Rura	46 (40.0)	69 (60.0)	1
Urban	93 (42.9)	124 (57.1)	1.125 (0.71–1.78)	0.616
Having children
Yes	53 (38.1)	86 (61.9)	1
No	81 (42.0)	112 (58.0)	0.852 (0.546, 1.331)	0.482
Previous incarceration
Yes	23 (82.1)	5 (17.9)	7.45 (2.758–20.152)	<0.001
No	116 (38.2)	188 (61.8)	1
Duration of stay in prison (in month)
<4	35 (38.5)	56 (61.5)	1
5–10	38 (45.2)	46 (54.8)	1.2 (0.73–1.98)	0.469
11–24	37 (48.1)	40 (51.9)	1.39 (0.83–2.31)	0.21
>25	29 (36.2)	51 (63.8)	0.73 (0.43–1.23)	0.243
Thinking life after released from prison is difficult
Yes	77 (51.7)	72 (48.3)	2.08 (1.34–3.25)	0.001
No	62 (33.9)	121 (66.1)
Acceptance of criminality
No	91 (43.3)	119 (56.7)	1.179 (0.748–1.857)	0.48
Yes	48 (39.3)	74 (60.7)	1
Criminal type
Robbery	67 (46.5)	77 (53.5)	1
Rape	8 (23.5)	26 (76.5)	0.35 (0.15, 0.83)	0.08
Corruption	6 (27.3)	16 (72.7)	0.43 (0.16, 1.16)	0.90
Murderer	45 (45.0)	55 (55.0)	0.94 (0.56, 1.57)	0.47
Other	13 (40.6)	19 (59.4)	0.78 (0.36–1.71)	0.74
Pray in prison
No	36 (75.0)	12 (25.0)	5.27 (2.627–10.581)	<0.001
Yes	103 (36.3)	181 (63.7)	1
Having work in prison
No	127 (47.2)	142 (52.8)	3.8 (1.94, 7.45)	<0.001
Yes	12 (19.0)	51 (81.0)	1
Family with mental illness
Yes	43 (75.4)	14 (24.6)	5.73 (2.98, 10.99)	<0.001
No	96 (34.9)	179 (65.1)	1
Chronic physical illness
Yes	36 (67.9)	17 (32.1)	3.62 (1.94, 6.77)	<0.001
No	103 (36.9)	176 (63.1)	1
Past mental illness
Yes	25 (83.3)	5 (16.7)	8.24 (3.07, 22.14)	<0.001
No	114 (37.7)	188 (62.3)	1
Level of social support
Strong	13 (26.0)	37 (74.0)	1
Moderate	38 (33.6)	75 (66.4)	0.157 (0.09–0.277)	<0.001
Poor support	88 (52.1)	81 (47.9)	16 (9.13–28.27)	<0.001
Alcohol use (life time)
Yes	50 (69.4)	22 (30.6)	4.37 (2.49, 7.67)	<0.001
No	89 (34.2)	171 (65.8)	1
Khat use (lifetime)
Yes	82 (53.9)	70 (46.1)	2.53 (1.61, 3.95)	<0.001
No	57 (31.7)	123 (68.3)	1
Cigarette smoking (lifetime)
Yes	37 (66.1)	19 (33.9)	3.32 (1.81, 6.08)	<0.001
No	102 (37.0)	174 (63.0)	1
Cannabis/shisha/ganja use(life time)
Yes	17 (81.0)	4 (19.0)	6.58 (2.16, 20.03)	0.001
No	122 (39.2)	189 (60.8)	1

Illegal trading, arson, related to government, and illegal marriage.