Authentication Protocols for Internet of Things: A Comprehensive Survey

Table 5

Summary of attacks in Internet of Vehicles (IoV) and defense protocols.

Adversary model	Authentication protocols for IoV
	[39]	[40]	[63]	[64]	[65]	[66]	[48]	[52]	[54]
Audio replay attack	0	0	0	X	0	0	X	0	X
Changing distance attack	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X
Same-type-device attack	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X
Composition attack	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X
Redirection attack	0	0	X	X	X	X	X	X	X
Man-in-the-middle attack	✓	0	0	X	X	✓	0	X	X
Substitution attack	0	0	0	X	X	0	✓	X	X
DoS attack	✓	X	X	✓	✓	✓	X	X	X
Replay attack	✓	✓	✓	X	0	0	0	✓	0
Forging attack	0	✓	X	X	X	0	X	X	X
Colluding attack	0	✓	X	0	X	X	X	X	X
Flooding attack	X	X	X	0	X	X	X	X	X
Side-channel attack	X	X	X	0	✓	X	X	X	X
False messages attack	X	X	X	X	✓	X	X	X	0
Sybil attack	0	X	X	X	✓	0	X	X	0
Movement tracking	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	✓	X
Message modification	X	X	X	X	X	X	0	✓	X
Impersonation attack	X	X	X	X	X	✓	X	0	X
Guessing attack	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	0
Stolen-verifier attack	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	0
Wormhole attack	0	0	X	X	0	X	0	0	0
Blackhole attack	0	0	X	X	0	X	0	0	0
Attribute-trace attack	X	X	X	X	X	0	X	X	0
Eavesdropping attack	X	X	0	0	0	X	X	0	0
Chosen-plaintext attack	X	X	X	0	X	X	0	X	0
Spam attack	X	X	X	0	X	0	0	X	X
Identity theft attack	X	X	X	0	X	X	0	X	X
User manipulation attack	X	X	X	0	X	X	0	0	X
Routing attack	0	X	0	X	0	X	0	0	0
Linkability attack	X	X	X	X	X	0	X	0	X
Rejection attack	X	X	X	X	X	0	X	0	0
Successive-response attack	X	X	X	X	X	0	X	X	X
Packet analysis attack	0	0	X	X	0	0	X	0	0
Packet tracing attack	0	0	X	X	0	0	X	0	0
Brute-force attack	X	X	X	X	X	0	X	0	0

✓ indicates fully supported; X: indicates not supported; 0: indicates partially supported.