Safety Enhancements for PHWRs Based on Macroscopic Losses of the Fukushima Accident

Table 1

CNSC Fukushima task force recommendations [15].

Strengthening reactor defense in depth	(1) Verifying robustness of NPP designs
	(2) Assessment of site-specific external hazards
	(3) Enhancing modeling capabilities
Enhancing emergency response	(4) Assessing emergency plans (onsite)
	(5) Updating emergency facilities and equipment
	(6) Offsite emergency plans and programs
Improving the regulatory framework and processes	(7) Class I Nuclear Facilities Regulations amendments
	(8) Radiation Protection Regulations amendments
	(9) Updating regulatory document framework
	(10) Amending power reactor operating licenses
	(11) Implementation of periodic safety reviews
Enhancing international collaboration	(12) Enhancing collaboration with CANDU owner countries
	(13) Enhancing international cooperation