Review Article
Arsenic Contamination of Groundwater: A Review of Sources, Prevalence, Health Risks, and Strategies for Mitigation
Figure 1
Pathways of arsenic metabolism in cells: (a) arsenic methylation in Scopulariopsis brevicaulis [54], (b) nonenzymatic As methylation in rat liver [55], (c) arsenic metabolic pathway in rat liver [56], and (d) metabolic pathway in rat liver [58], where SAM: S-adenosylmethionine; SAH: S-adenosylhomocysteine; : methyl group; GSH: glutathione; (CH3)(OH)2AsOā: monomethylarsonous acid; (CH3)2(OH)AsOā: dimethylarsinic acid; (CH3)3As: trimethyl arsine oxide; As (GS)3: arsenic triglutathione; MMA: monomethylarsonic acid; DMA: dimethylarsinic acid; M (GS)2: monomethylarsonic diglutathione; DM (GS): dimethylarsinic glutathione; DM: trivalent monomethylarsonous acid; DM: pentavalent dimethylarsinic acid; : pentavalent monomethylarsonic acid [224].
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