Research Article
Assessment of Raw Cow Milk Quality in Smallholder Dairy Farms in Pemba Island Zanzibar, Tanzania
Table 1
Physicochemical assessment results of raw cow milk in Pemba.
| | Physicochemical parameter | Category | Number (%) of milk samples from different districts | Total number (%) of milk samples () | Chakechake
| Micheweni
| Mkoani
| Wete
|
| | Colour | Normal milky | 34 (97.1) | 14 (93.3) | 15 (100) | 33 (100) | 96 (97.9) | | Abnormal | 1 (2.9) | 1 (6.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (2.1) |
| | Smell | Normal milk smell | 33 (94.3) | 12 (80.0) | 15 (100) | 31 (93.9) | 91 (92.9) | | Bad | 2 (5.7) | 2 (20.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (6.1) | 7 (7.1) |
| | Clotting on alcohol test | No | 31 (88.6) | 14 (93.3) | 13 (86.7) | 31 (88.6) | 89 (90.8) | | Yes | 4 (11.4) | 1 (6.7) | 2 (13.3) | 2 (11.4) | 9 (9.2) |
| | pH | <6.6 | 8 (22.9) | 6 (40.6) | 4 (26.7) | 17 (51.5) | 35 (35.7) | | Normal (6.6–6.8) | 26 (74.3) | 9 (60.0) | 10 (66.7) | 15 (45.5) | 60 (61.2) | | >6.8 | 1 (2.9) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (6.7) | 1 (3.0) | 3 (3.1) |
| | Specific gravity (g/ml) | <1.027 | 13 (37.1) | 5 (33.3) | 8 (53.4) | 8 (24.2) | 34 (34.7) | | Normal (1.027–1.032) | 16 (45.7) | 8 (53.4) | 7 (46.6) | 24 (72.7) | 55 (56.1) | | >1.032 | 6 (17.1) | 2 (13.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.1) | 9 (9.2) |
| | Ash contents | Normal (0.4–5%) | 35 (100) | 15 (100) | 15 (100) | 33 (100) | 98 (100) |
| | Butterfat | Normal (3.25–8.5%) | 22 (62.9) | 13 (86.7) | 6 (40.0) | 28 (84.8) | 69 (70.4) | | <3.25% | 13 (37.1) | 2 (13.3) | 9 (60.0) | 5 (15.2) | 29 (29.6) | | >8.5% | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| | Total solids | Normal (10–14%) | 30 (85.7) | 13 (86.7) | 10 (66.7) | 31 (93.9) | 84 (85.7) | | <10 | 5 (14.3) | 2 (13.3) | 5 (33.3) | 2 (6.1) | 14 (14.3) | | >14% | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
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