Automated Real-Time Intelligent Traffic Control System for Smart Cities Using Wireless Sensor Networks
Table 1
Comparison between the different types of most used sensors.
Magnetic sensor
Light sensor
Ultrasonic sensor
Advantages
(i) Low cost (20-120 €) (ii) Range greater (iii) Reacts to north pole and south pole (iv) Insensible to vibrations (v) Best detection of cars
(i) Average cost (60-300 €) (ii) Large range (1 m) (iii) Insensible to vibrations and no wear (iv) Detects any type of room with reflective power (direct reflection mode)
(i) Large range (15 m) (ii) Detect without contact with any object (whatever the material) (iii) Adjustable sensitivity
Limitations
(i) Average range (<300 mm) (ii) Requires the use of a magnet (iii) Sensitive to electromagnetic disturbances
(i) Supports badly the harsh environments (ii) Sensitive to the appearance of parts (material, surface condition, color, gloss, impact, etc.)
(i) High cost (200-1000 €) (ii) Sensitive to drafts (iii) Sensitive to temperature