The Observer’s Guide to the Gamma-Ray Burst Supernova Connection

Figure 7

The positions of GRBs, SNe Ibc, and GRB-SNe in the plane [32, 78–81]. Ordinary SNe Ibc are shown in green, GRBs in blue, relativistic SNe IcBL in purple, and jetted-GRBs in red. Squares are used for the slow-moving SN ejecta, while circles represent the kinetic energy and velocity of the nonthermal radio-emitting ejecta associated with these events (e.g., the GRB jet). The velocities were computed for day (rest-frame), where the value denotes the division between relativistic and nonrelativistic ejecta. The solid lines correspond to (green) ejecta kinetic energy profiles of a purely hydrodynamical explosion    [57, 82, 83]; (blue/purple dashed) explosions powered by a short-lived central engine (SBO-GRBs and relativistic IcBL SNe 2009bb and 2012ap: ); (red) those arising from a long-lived central engine (i.e., jetted-GRBs; [84]). Modified, with permission, from Margutti et al. [78, 81].