Deep Learning for Automatic Recognition of Magnetic Type in Sunspot Groups

Figure 5

Three cases of misidentification of Beta-x as Beta in model A. (a), (c), and (e) are the magnetograms, whereas (b), (d), and (f) are the continuum images of the same ARs. In continuum images, the dark center is the umbra (i) and a lighter black part around umbra is the penumbra (ii). In magnetograms, the dark areas indicate the negative polarity (iii) region, and the bright areas indicate the positive polarity (iv) region.

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(b)

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