Numerical Solutions to Fractional Perturbed Volterra Equations

Figure 7

Error estimate (5.5) for one-dimensional case, for 𝑡=1.8, 𝑛_𝜙=20, 𝛼=1,5, 𝑘(𝑡)=cos(𝑡), and 𝑏(𝑡)=𝑒^−𝑡. Closed boundary conditions.