Stochastic Risk and Uncertainty Analysis for Shale Gas Extraction in the Karoo Basin of South Africa

Figure 16

Vertical parallel model plate model for different apertures for a period of 47.5 years. The upward movement of water together with pollution could be very rapid in the case where there aperture size is very large (e.g; >1 mm) and very slow for small apertures (converging to typical matrix diameter void opening).