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Advances in Agriculture

Advances in Agriculture / 2018 / Article / Tab 3

Research Article

Association of Chocolate Spot and Faba Bean Rust Epidemics with Climate Change Resilient Cultural Practices in Bale Highlands, Ethiopia

Table 3

Mean incidence and percentage severity index (PSI) of faba bean chocolate spot and rust for different independent variables during 2017 main cropping season in Bale highlands, south eastern Ethiopia.
Independent VariableVariable classChocolate spotRust
Incidence PSI Incidence PSI
Mean ± SDMean ± SDMean ± SDMean ± SD
DistrictsAgarfa90.7 ± 9.032.9 ± 11.543.8 ± 25.118.2 ± 17.1
Dinsho87.6 ± 12.244.0 ± 10.745.8 ± 17.124.5 ± 7.3
Gasera93.2 ± 8.947.1 ± 16.178.2 ± 18.937.9 ± 17.1
Ginir80.2 ± 6.823.3 ± 7.256.5 ± 20.518.6 ± 3.3
Goba92.1 ± 12.234.1 ± 12.256.6 ± 25.820.2 ± 10.6
Gololcha89.3 ± 13.426.1 ± 6.654.6 ± 6.421.6 ± 1.2
Goro70.9 ± 18.910.5 ± 4.123.6 ± 13.44.8 ± 4.3
Sinana86.9 ± 18.229.2 ± 9.736.1 ± 16.211.6 ± 7.7
Planting dateJuly90.4 ± 16.837.5 ± 14.753.5 ± 14.926.4 ± 17.3
August89.0 ± 13.632.9 ± 13.552.7 ± 18.923.7 ± 13.3
September85.2 ± 12.323.4 ± 12.539.4 ± 34.011.2 ± 11.2
Previous cropLegume89.0 ± 18.833.0 ± 16.050.2 ± 34.221.2 ± 16.0
Cereal88.2 ± 14.530.4 ± 15.048.1 ± 23.717.3 ± 16.3
Vegetable76.0 ± 14.531.6 ± 14.048.4 ± 30.717.3 ± 12.6
AltitudesLow85.5 ± 16.826.0 ± 16.945.3 ± 32.418.1 ± 22.1
Medium81.7 ± 8.334.0 ± 10.954.3 ± 25.621.6 ± 15.4
High91.5 ± 13.535.4 ± 12.856.8 ± 33.924.6 ± 10.9
Cropping systemMixed87.5 ± 12.230.1 ± 13.247.7 ± 19.819.4 ± 16.4
Sole90.5 ± 15.235.0 ± 15.260.9 ± 33.725.3 ± 15.6
Growth stageFlowering88.6 ± 14.530.9 ± 16.473.3 ± 24.317.2 ± 12.9
Podding86.4 ± 14.631.4 ± 13.443.1 ± 25.921.3 ± 15.6
Late podding87.9 ± 14.936.2 ± 13.052.6 ± 35.736.7 ± 14.9
Weed managementGood86.4 ± 15.025.7 ± 13.042.7 ± 19.712.1 ± 10.8
Intermediate86.5 ± 17.930.1 ± 14.138.8 ± 27.512.7 ± 9.9
Poor91.5 ± 10.237.9 ± 14.863.2 ± 30.828.9 ±16.3
Soil typeClay86.3 ± 17.732.7 ± 11.048.8 ± 30.222.4 ± 9.8
Vertisol88.0 ± 15.737.0 ± 15.047.7 ± 31.317.6 ± 17.3
Loam87.7 ± 14.029.0 ± 14.056.0 ± 30.723.8 ± 15.1
FertilizerFertilized84.7 ± 13.626.0 ± 12.649.2 ± 29.420.1 ± 14.2
Unfertilized89.4 ± 15.635.0 ± 16.052.4 ± 35.320.9 ± 17.8
Fungicides Sprayed90.0 ± 11.729.5 ± 13.050.6 ± 27.320.4 ± 15.5
Unsprayed97.6 ± 15.535.5 ± 15.052.0 ± 43.920.6 ± 16.1
ercentage severity index. tandard deviation.

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