Research Article
Characterization of the Beekeeping Value Chain: Challenges, Perceptions, Limitations, and Opportunities for Beekeepers in Kayonza District, Rwanda
Table 10
Proportional occurrence of various aspects experienced and practised by respondents.
| Aspect investigated | Number of respondents (%) |
| Method of Baiting | | Beeswax | 40 (40) | Propolis | 34 (34) | Viper skin | 26 (26) |
| Type of pest/predator | | Beetles (Aethina tumida) | 25 (25) | Small black ants (Monomorium minimum) | 19 (19) | Red ants (Formica spp.) | 18 (18) | Wax moths (Galleria spp.) | 12 (12) | Lizards (Trachylepis striata) | 8 (8) | Termites | 7 (7) | Birds (Merops apiaster) | 6 (6) | Mites (Varroa destructor) | 3 (3) | Mice (Mus spp.) | 2 (2) |
| Respondents’ method of harvesting honey | | Open fire to produce smoke | 80 (80) | Modern smokers or torch | 20 (20) |
| Type of challenge faced by respondents | | Lack of information on pests and predators of honeybees | 34 (34) | Inadequate time for management of colonies | 17 (17) | Flying predators (e.g., birds) | 15 (15 | Nocturnal predators and pests | 13 (13) | Inadequate technical knowledge and implements | 11 (11 | Inadequate labour | 10 (10) |
| Perceived effect of pests and diseases on colonies | | Bees abandoned hives and migrated | 67 (67) | Brood and adult bees died leaving weaker colonies | 22 (22) | Bees became more aggressive | 7 (7) | Bees swarmed frequently | 4 (4) |
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Values with the same suffices within each category are significantly different since p<0.05. |