Characterization of the Beekeeping Value Chain: Challenges, Perceptions, Limitations, and Opportunities for Beekeepers in Kayonza District, Rwanda

<table class="fixed-width table-group" id="tab5"><tr><td><table class="table"><colgroup><col style="width:24.04em"/><col style="width:12.47em"/></colgroup><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="2"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left">Respondents’ method for prevention and control of pests</td><td class="align_center">Number of respondents (%)</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="2"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Suspension or hanging of hives in trees</td><td class="align_center">55 (55)<svg height="9.93771pt" id="M12" style="vertical-align:-0.04981995pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.88789 4.69898 9.93771" width="4.69898pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,0,-5.741)"><path d="M442 39L431 68C420 63 406 57 394 57C377 57 359 71 359 118V301C359 353 349 393 314 424C291 443 261 451 230 451C171 438 107 401 79 381C59 366 46 355 46 340C46 316 72 295 91 295C106 295 117 303 122 319C131 350 139 371 152 384C163 397 178 404 197 404C246 404 281 365 281 293V278C260 262 186 232 124 213C69 194 41 161 41 112C41 47 92 -12 163 -12C195 -12 243 25 283 51C288 35 293 22 308 7C319 -4 339 -12 354 -12L442 39ZM281 87C262 68 226 51 199 51C169 51 129 74 129 126C129 162 151 181 190 198C211 208 259 229 281 240V87Z"></path></g></svg></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Frequent smoking of hives</td><td class="align_center">25 (25)<svg height="12.2075pt" id="M13" style="vertical-align:-0.04980087pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -12.1577 5.32009 12.2075" width="5.32009pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,0,-5.741)"><path d="M156 406V710C117 695 54 682 9 675V647C73 642 75 635 75 573V25C131 -2 180 -12 223 -12C359 -12 478 92 478 240C478 357 387 451 278 451C265 451 251 447 236 440L156 406ZM156 373C175 384 208 392 235 392C315 392 387 328 387 214C387 97 332 30 251 31C197 31 170 66 162 84C158 93 156 104 156 118V373Z"></path></g></svg></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Bush clearing around apiaries</td><td class="align_center">16 (26)<svg height="12.2075pt" id="M14" style="vertical-align:-0.04980087pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -12.1577 5.32009 12.2075" width="5.32009pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,0,-5.741)"><path d="M156 406V710C117 695 54 682 9 675V647C73 642 75 635 75 573V25C131 -2 180 -12 223 -12C359 -12 478 92 478 240C478 357 387 451 278 451C265 451 251 447 236 440L156 406ZM156 373C175 384 208 392 235 392C315 392 387 328 387 214C387 97 332 30 251 31C197 31 170 66 162 84C158 93 156 104 156 118V373Z"></path></g></svg></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Insect repellents of plant origin</td><td class="align_center">4 (4)<svg height="9.93771pt" id="M15" style="vertical-align:-0.04981995pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.88789 4.54369 9.93771" width="4.54369pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,0,-5.741)"><path d="M396 114C349 71 317 59 274 59C216 59 123 104 123 241C123 342 180 400 246 400C283 400 317 386 348 359C355 352 361 348 366 348C378 348 401 371 402 394C402 405 398 413 385 424C369 437 337 451 294 451H293C254 451 193 434 141 394C73 342 39 277 39 198C39 90 114 -12 243 -12C303 -12 371 31 415 90L396 114Z"></path></g></svg></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left" colspan="2"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">Total</td><td class="align_center">100 (100)</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="2"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="table-fn"><td><div><svg height="12.2075pt" id="M16" style="vertical-align:-0.04980087pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -12.1577 17.6968 12.2075" width="17.6968pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,0,-5.741)"><path d="M442 39L431 68C420 63 406 57 394 57C377 57 359 71 359 118V301C359 353 349 393 314 424C291 443 261 451 230 451C171 438 107 401 79 381C59 366 46 355 46 340C46 316 72 295 91 295C106 295 117 303 122 319C131 350 139 371 152 384C163 397 178 404 197 404C246 404 281 365 281 293V278C260 262 186 232 124 213C69 194 41 161 41 112C41 47 92 -12 163 -12C195 -12 243 25 283 51C288 35 293 22 308 7C319 -4 339 -12 354 -12L442 39ZM281 87C262 68 226 51 199 51C169 51 129 74 129 126C129 162 151 181 190 198C211 208 259 229 281 240V87Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,4.086,-5.741)"><path d="M98 134C72 134 46 117 46 90C46 73 55 65 60 64C95 55 124 32 124 -4C124 -42 95 -68 44 -89L57 -123C122 -104 194 -60 194 22C194 94 136 134 98 134Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,6.243,-5.741)"><path d="M156 406V710C117 695 54 682 9 675V647C73 642 75 635 75 573V25C131 -2 180 -12 223 -12C359 -12 478 92 478 240C478 357 387 451 278 451C265 451 251 447 236 440L156 406ZM156 373C175 384 208 392 235 392C315 392 387 328 387 214C387 97 332 30 251 31C197 31 170 66 162 84C158 93 156 104 156 118V373Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,10.947,-5.741)"><path d="M98 134C72 134 46 117 46 90C46 73 55 65 60 64C95 55 124 32 124 -4C124 -42 95 -68 44 -89L57 -123C122 -104 194 -60 194 22C194 94 136 134 98 134Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,13.104,-5.741)"><path d="M396 114C349 71 317 59 274 59C216 59 123 104 123 241C123 342 180 400 246 400C283 400 317 386 348 359C355 352 361 348 366 348C378 348 401 371 402 394C402 405 398 413 385 424C369 437 337 451 294 451H293C254 451 193 434 141 394C73 342 39 277 39 198C39 90 114 -12 243 -12C303 -12 371 31 415 90L396 114Z"></path></g></svg>Values with different suffixes were significantly different since <i>p</i>&lt;0.01.<br/></div></td></tr></table>

<div>Respondents’ methods of choice for pest control and prevention and their perceived effectiveness.</div>

Advances in Agriculture

tab5

Table 5

Table 5: Characterization of the Beekeeping Value Chain: Challenges, Perceptions, Limitations, and Opportunities for Beekeepers in Kayonza District, Rwanda 

Table 5 | Characterization of the Beekeeping Value Chain: Challenges, Perceptions, Limitations, and Opportunities for Beekeepers in Kayonza District, Rwanda 