Response of Black Nightshade to Different Cropping Systems and the Effect on Physiological Parameters and Mineral Composition

Table 1

Effect of open field vs. greenhouse cropping systems on agronomic parameters of S. nigrum L.

Variables	Cropping systems		SEM	LSD (5%)	F probability
	Open field	Greenhouse
Leaf chlorophyll (SPAD)	103.1^a	49.0^b	2.12	8.34	<.001
Leaf area (cm^2)	6214^a	1217^b	910.7	3575.6	<.001
Number of leaves	24.3^b	42.0^a	1.55	6.07	<.001
Plant height (cm)	52.67^b	59.67^a	0.333	1.309	<.001

Note: Means within columns followed by the same superscript were not significantly different (). SEM is the standard error of means; LSD is the t-test least significant difference at 5% level.