The Influence of Backpack Weight and Hip Belt Tension on Movement and Loading in the Pelvis and Lower Limbs during Walking

Table 4

The effect of different backpack weights and hip belt tensions on the ground reaction force (GRF) and peak knee and hip joint moments during gait. The values from ANOVA are shown where they are significant (NS: nonsignificant).

Joint	Kinetic parameter	value	value
GRF	Peak cranial-caudal direction	23.246	<0.001
	Peak anterior-posterior direction	4.569	<0.001
	Peak medial-lateral direction	1.335	NS
	Integral cranial-caudal direction	39.364	<0.001
	Integral deceleration anterior-posterior	3.887	<0.001
	Integral acceleration anterior-posterior	5.708	<0.001
	Integral medial-lateral direction	2.329	<0.05
Knee	Peak moment sagittal plane	5.243	<0.001
Hip	Peak moment sagittal plane	2.153	NS