Biomechanical Evaluation and Strength Test of 3D-Printed Foot Orthoses
Table 2
Comparison of the maximum joint moments at the ankle, knee, and hip during walking between two conditions: wearing standard shoes (Shoe) and wearing shoes embedded with 3D-printed FOs (Shoe+FO).
Joint
Moment (Nm/BW/LL)
Shoe ()
Shoe+FO ()
value
Effect size
Ankle
Invertor
0.14
0.29
Evertor
0.04
0.53
Internal rotator
0.51
0.14
External rotator
0.03
0.72
Dorsiflexor
0.93
0.01
Plantarflexor
0.04
0.41
Knee
Adductor
0.12
0.57
Abductor
0.17
0.17
Internal rotator
0.18
0.21
External rotator
0.59
0.08
Extensor
0.86
0.04
Flexor
0.33
0.20
Hip
Adductor
0.11
0.29
Abductor
0.39
0.16
Internal rotator
0.54
0.08
External rotator
0.65
0.10
Flexor
0.24
0.27
Extensor
0.34
0.33
Significantly different between the two conditions. BW: body weight, LL: leg length.
