Validity and Reliability of Upper Limb Functional Assessment Using the Microsoft Kinect V2 Sensor
Table 4
Concurrent validity of the joint angles at the point of target achieved (PTA) and the ROM of the selected functional tasks. The mean (SD) peak joint angles and the ROM are presented with the Pearson correlation () and the discrepancy (Kinect-Vicon) between the Kinect V2-based markerless system and the Vicon-based system is presented.
Segment rotations
PTA
ROM
Kinect
Vicon
P(K,V)
Bias (K-V)
Kinect
Vicon
P(K,V)
Bias (K-V)
Shoulder to contralateral shoulder
Shoulder F/E
52.1 (10.3)
38.1 (6.7)
<0.01
14.0
0.74
51.5 (10.0)
43.7 (6.9)
<0.01
7.8
0.98
Shoulder Add/Abd
5.5 (7.8)
−0.4 (6.3)
<0.01
5.9
0.89
26.2 (5.8)
14.3 (3.9)
<0.01
7.9
0.99
Shoulder IR/ER
63.7 (6.8)
68.5 (5.7)
<0.01
−4.8
0.89
38.7 (11.7)
66.7 (14.9)
<0.01
−28
0.74
Elbow F/E
110.9 (8.7)
125.2 (3.5)
<0.01
−14.3
0.45
91.8 (8.3)
98.2 (6.2)
0.06
−6.4
0.41
Hand to mouth/drinking
Shoulder F/E
95.6 (19.4)
57.3 (10.2)
<0.01
38.3
0.88
94.8 (19.4)
62.3 (12)
<0.01
32.5
0.91
Shoulder Add/Abd
−8.5 (4.5)
−8.2 (2.5)
0.67
−0.3
0.85
20.4 (9.6)
14.4 (13.4)
<0.01
6.0
0.95
Shoulder IR/ER
47.5 (11.4)
32.3 (7.3)
<0.01
15.2
0.93
21.7 (9)
29.2 (10.5)
0.07
−7.5
0.33
Elbow F/E
107.1 (9.3)
129.6 (5.7)
<0.01
−22.5
0.80
89.1 (10.1)
102.3 (6.6)
<0.01
−13.2
0.65
Combing hair
Shoulder F/E
143.5 (14.1)
102.6 (20.4)
<0.01
40.9
−0.20
140 (22.7)
106 (15.6)
<0.01
34.0
0.20
Shoulder Add/Abd
−53.7 (7.6)
−54.7 (7.2)
0.40
1.0
0.89
42.2 (6.4)
46.9 (5.6)
0.02
−4.7
0.65
Shoulder IR/ER
49.4 (11.2)
25.3 (10.2)
<0.01
24.1
0.72
55.6 (16.9)
42.8 (10.9)
<0.01
12.8
0.77
Elbow F/E
113.6 (3.4)
139.6 (14.1)
<0.01
−26
0.21
91.1 (7.7)
110.9 (13.7)
<0.01
−19.8
0.05
Hand to back pocket
Shoulder F/E
−41.8 (6.2)
−42.9 (6.1)
0.47
1.1
0.73
43.4 (6.7)
38.7 (6.1)
<0.01
4.7
0.91
Shoulder Add/Abd
−33 (10.3)
−25.5 (7.6)
<0.01
−7.5
0.97
22.9 (9.6)
16.7 (7.6)
<0.01
6.2
0.96
Shoulder IR/ER
42.3 (9.6)
37.7 (5.7)
0.02
4.6
0.46
18.6 (7.9)
23.3 (5)
0.16
−4.7
−0.10
Elbow F/E
73.7 (21.3)
81.2 (13.2)
0.03
−7.5
0.94
51.8 (25)
52.1 (18.1)
0.91
−0.3
0.97
Note: max and min are the maximum and minimum joint angles, respectively. ROM: corresponding range of motion. Shoulder F/E, shoulder Add/Abd, shoulder IR/ER, and elbow F/E represent joint angles of shoulder flexion/extension, shoulder adduction/abduction, shoulder internal/external rotation and elbow flexion, respectively; K-V is the bias between the Kinect V2 and Vicon systems.
