[Retracted] Effect of Model Parameters on the Biomechanical Behavior of the Finite Element Cervical Spine Model

Table 3

The maximum von Mises stress values on the vertebrae. The first and second values in each cell are based on equation (1) [25] and equation (2) [26], respectively.

Maximum von Mises stress value (MPa)
Number of layer		1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
Flexion	One-layer model	17.8/19.0
	Two-layer model	12.1/20.0	27.2/25.0
	Four-layer model	4.9/7.0	15.5/23.8	19.4/20.2	26.7/26.0
	Eight-layer model	5.8/9.0	7.0/9.7	7.9/14.1	13.3/25.8	16.3/18.6	24.0/23.6	23.7/23.9	17.8/18.7
Extension	One-layer model	17.8/20.0
	Two-layer model	12.1/21.0	26.7/25.4
	Four-layer model	4.9/7.0	16.5/24.8	20.4/20.9	33.4/26.9
	Eight-layer model	5.8/7.1	7.0/9.7	8.5/14.7	14.1/26.9	17.1/19.7	25.5/24.5	28.9/24.8	17.7/19.8
Lateral bending	One-layer model	13.5/13.8
	Two-layer model	10.3/5.8	24.4/0.4
	Four-layer model	4.4/7.4	13.5/15.0	15.4/12.1	24.7/23.1
	Eight-layer model	2.1/1.9	5.3/8.1	11.3/13.4	18.3/18.1	14.2/12.0	16.3/12.9	27.5/18.9	18.8/23.1
Axial rotation	One-layer model	9.3/9.3
	Two-layer model	5.4/10.1	12.4/11.1
	Four-layer model	3.7/5.7	7.6/8.3	9.5/9.0	14.2/10.2
	Eight-layer model	2.4/2.5	4.2/6.4	5.6/7.3	8.1/9.9	9.6/11.3	10.3/13.6	12.2/14.2	12.7/10.7