Review Article
The Biomechanics of Shoulder Movement with Implications for Shoulder Injury in Table Tennis: A Minireview
Table 2
Summary of the collection of articles.
| References | Number of subjects | Main parameter | Comparison | Movement type | Main result related to the shoulder |
| Iino and Kojima [3] | 18 | Forces and torques at the shoulder joint | Advanced vs. intermediate player | Forehand stroke | Larger shoulder internal rotation torque in an advanced player | Bańkosz and Winiarski [11] | 10 | Angular velocities and ROM at the shoulder | Topspin forehands vs. topspin backhands | Topspin forehand and topspin backhand | Larger angular velocity of internal arm rotation and adduction in the shoulder joint at topspin backhands | Malagoli et al. [12] | 10 | Angular velocities and ROM at the shoulder | Crosscourt vs. long line | Topspin shot | Maximal shoulder extension related to maximum velocity of the racket at impact | Tsai et al. [13] | 5 | Angular velocities | — | Topspin and backspin serves | Elite player increased shoulder external rotation angular velocity in receiving topspin and backspin serves | Iino and Kojima [14] | 10 | Joint kinetics at the shoulder | — | Topspin backhand | Energy transfer by the shoulder joint force in the vertical direction was the largest | Meghdadi et al. [15] | 60 | EMG | Shoulder impingement syndrome vs. without shoulder impingement syndrome | Forehand topspin loop | Impingement syndrome correlated with disturbed timing and activity level of shoulder girdle muscles | Kamonseki et al. [16] | 20 | Motion of internal and external rotation and total rotation motion of the glenohumeral joint | Dominant vs. nondominant shoulders | — | The dominant side showed decreased internal rotation |
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