Towards Sensor-Based Health Monitoring Systems for Bridge Decks: A Full-Depth Precast Deck Panels Case Study

Table 1

Health monitoring case study summary.

Case study	Types of sensors used*	^#of sensors used	Sensor placement	Data collection time intervals	Load type monitored
Confederation bridge (Canada)	(1),(2),(3),(4), (5),(6),(7), (8)	389	Deck, Beam, Pier	Variable	Static/dynamic
Pemiscot county bridge, Missouri (U.S.)	(1), (3), (4)	64	Deck, Beam	—	Static
North halawa valley viaduct, Hawaii (U.S.)	(1), (4)	200	Deck, Beam	5 minutes/2 hours	Static
Parkview bridge, Michigan (U.S.)	(1), (4)	184	Deck	10 minutes	Static

*Note: sensor types: (1) Vibrating wire strain gage, (2) Fiber optical, (3) Resistance strain gage, (4) Thermocouples, (5) Accelerometer, (6) Tilt-meter, (7) Displacement, and (8) Ice-force.