Optimizing Construction Project Labor Utilization Using Differential Evolution: A Comparative Study of Mutation Strategies

Table 3

Result comparison.

Mutation strategy	Fitness	Average labor demand	Maximum labor demand	Minimum labor demand	Project duration	Generation found best
DE/Rand/1
Best	3066.0	13.8	16.0	7.0	32.0	59.0
Average	3122.6	13.8	17.1	9.4	32.0	268.7
Standard deviation	68.3	0.1	1.8	0.9	0.0	110.4
Worst	3253.5	14.0	21.0	10.0	32.0	461.0
DE/Rand/2
Best	3247.0	13.9	17.0	4.0	30.0	37.0
Average	3388.3	14.2	21.1	6.5	31.8	163.7
Standard deviation	69.9	0.3	2.6	1.7	0.5	75.8
Worst	3515.0	14.8	26.0	10.0	32.0	315.0
DE/Best/1
Best	3085.0	13.8	16.0	5.0	32.0	25.0
Average	3166.1	13.8	18.3	8.2	32.0	74.7
Standard deviation	78.8	0.1	1.7	1.8	0.0	53.4
Worst	3347.0	14.0	21.0	12.0	32.0	223.0
DE/Best/2
Best	3055.5	13.7	15.0	7.0	32.0	50.0
Average	3118.5	13.8	17.0	10.2	32.0	133.2
Standard deviation	51.3	0.1	1.1	1.5	0.0	49.3
Worst	3257.0	14.1	19.0	13.0	32.0	223.0
DE/Target-to-Best/1
Best	3054.0	13.7	15.0	7.0	32.0	69.0
Average	3092.7	13.8	17.0	9.8	32.0	148.0
Standard deviation	29.1	0.1	1.5	1.8	0.0	72.7
Worst	3168.0	13.9	20.0	13.0	32.0	344.0
DE/Target-to-Best/2
Best	3126.0	13.8	15.0	4.0	31.0	31.0
Average	3245.5	14.0	18.4	7.5	32.0	123.1
Standard deviation	57.9	0.1	1.9	2.0	0.2	50.2
Worst	3357.0	14.3	23.0	11.0	32.0	217.0
Hybrid DE/Rand/1 and DE/Best/1
Best	3054.0	13.7	15.0	8.0	32.0	69.0
Average	3099.0	13.8	17.4	10.4	32.0	146.4
Standard deviation	27.4	0.0	1.8	1.0	0.0	73.7
Worst	3151.0	13.9	23.0	12.0	32.0	272.0