Fracture Mechanics Models for Brittle Failure of Bottom Rails due to Uplift in Timber Frame Shear Walls

<div>Comparison between theory and experiments for horizontal cracking of a bottom rail. (a) Specimens with single-sided sheathing and (b) specimens with double-sided sheathing. PD = pith downwards, PU = pith upwards.</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Figure 15

Figure 15: Fracture Mechanics Models for Brittle Failure of Bottom Rails due to Uplift in Timber Frame Shear Walls 