Fracture Mechanics Models for Brittle Failure of Bottom Rails due to Uplift in Timber Frame Shear Walls

Table 1

Specification of specimen tested in study A and study B. Notation: SS = single-sided specimens, DS = double-sided specimens, b = width of rail, and s = distance from washer edge to loaded edge of the bottom rail (cf. Figure 1).

Series	Set	⁢Study A		⁢Study B		Anchor bolt position	Size of washer	Distance s
		⁢Number of tests		⁢Number of tests
		SS	DS	SS	DS	[mm]	[mm]	[mm]
1	1-BC (A)	—	—	—	16	b/2; 60 mm from sheathing	40 × 40 × 15	40
	1	10	10	16	16		40 × 40 × 15	40
	2	10	10	16	16		60 × 60 × 15	30
	3	10	10	16	16		80 × 70 × 15	20
	4	10	10	16	16		100 × 70 × 15	10
2	1	10	—	14	—	3b/8; 45 mm from sheathing	40 × 40 × 15	25
	2	10		16			60 × 60 × 15	15
	3	10		16			80 × 70 × 15	5
3	1	10	—	16	—	b/4; 30 mm from sheathing	40 × 40 × 15	10
	2	9		16			60 × 60 × 15	0

Set with boundary conditions as study A.