Effects of Water Inrush from Tunnel Excavation Face on the Deformation and Mechanical Performance of Shield Tunnel Segment Joints

<div>The supporting force by shield machine and grouting pressure at the shield tail. (a) The supporting force at the excavation face. (b) The grouting pressure at the shield tail.</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Figure 6

Figure 6: Effects of Water Inrush from Tunnel Excavation Face on the Deformation and Mechanical Performance of Shield Tunnel Segment Joints 