and , stresses in the plastic zone; , vertical stress in the elastic zone; , width of the plastic zone; , influence distance of the side abutment pressure; , roadway height; , roadway width; , coal cohesion; , coal friction angle; , elastic modulus of coal; , elastic modulus of immediate roof; , side abutment pressure concentration factor; , average density of overlying strata; , height of overlying strata
, overburden weight over gob transferred to the coal seam; ,, and , counterforce of the coal seam; , length of cantilever roof; , failure angle of roof; , dip angle of the coal seam; ;