Damage Identification by the Data Expansion and Substructuring Methods

Figure 11

Damage detection using the expanded data contaminated by 1% noise: (a) displacement variations; (b) stiffness variation rate at lower chords; (c) stiffness variation rate at upper chords; (d) stiffness variation rate at diagonal elements; (e) stiffness variation rate at diagonal elements; (f) stiffness variation rate at vertical elements. In (a), the solid line indicates the horizontal displacement and the dashed line indicates the vertical displacement.

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