Study on Structural Service Performance of Heavy-Haul Railway Tunnel with Voided Base

Figure 11

Time-history curves for maximum principal stress at the inverted arch. (a) Maximum principal stress of the inverted arch under different void widths (with a void thickness of 10 cm). (b) Maximum principal stress of the inverted arch under different void thicknesses (with a void width of 4 m).

(a)

(b)