An Overview of Methods for Blast Load Testing and Devices for Pressure Measurement

Table 1

Field tests.

Author	Year	Element type	Material	Scale/dimensions (m)	Charge type	Charge weight (kg)	Standoff distance (m)
Đuranović [11]	2002	Slabs	RC	1 : 4 and 1 : 10	PE4	0.078	0.1–0.5
Rodriguez-Nikl [25]	2006	Columns	RC and RC + ACJ	1 : 1	AFNO	558	4.36
Ohtsu et al. [23]	2007	Slabs	RC, PPFRC, PVAFRC, and PEFRC	0.6 × 0.6	SEP	10	Contact
Wei et al. [12]	2007	Slabs	RC	1.22 × 1.22	TNT	1.16 and 1.71	Contact
Fujikura et al. [26]	2008	Columns	RC and CFST	1 : 4	N/A	N/A	N/A
Fujikura and Bruneau [27]	2008	Columns	RC and RC+SJ	1 : 4	N/A	N/A	N/A
Schenker et al. [9]	2008	Slabs	RC and FRC	1 : 1	TNT	1000	20
Davis et al. [28]	2009	Columns	RC	1 : 2	AFNO	N/A	N/A
Wu et al. [16]	2009	Slabs	NC, UHPFC, RUHPFC, and EBFRP	2 × 1	Comp B	1–20	0.75–3
Williamson et al. [29]	2010	Columns	RC	1 : 2	AFNO	N/A	N/A
Fujikura and Bruneau [5]	2010	Columns	RC and RC+SJ	1 : 4	N/A	N/A	N/A
Yusof et al. [8]	2010	Panels	RC and SFRC	0.6 × 0.6	N/A	1	0.6
Fujikura and Bruneau [30]	2011	Columns	RC and CFST	1 : 4	N/A	N/A	N/A
Wang et al. [13]	2012	Slabs	RC	1 : 1, 1 : 1.25 and 1 : 1.67	TNT	0.19–0.94	0.3, 0.4 and 0.5
Foglar and Kovar [17]	2013	Slabs	RC and FRC	6 × 1.5	TNT	25	15–30
Tabatabaei et al. [22]	2013	Panels	RC and LCFRC	1.83 × 1.83	AFNO	38.5	1.065, 1.37 and 1.675
Yankelevsky et al. [7]	2013	Buildings	RC	1 : 1	N/A	N/A	N/A
Zhao and Chen [14]	2013	Slabs	RC	1 × 1	TNT	0.2, 0.31 and 0.46	0.4
Castedo et al. [4]	2015	Slabs	RC, RC+SS, SFRC, and PPFRC	1 : 1	PG2, RDX	2 and 15	1 and 0.5
Foglar et al. [18]	2015	Panels	RC and FRC	6 × 1.5	TNT	25	0.45
Li et al. [24]	2015	Slabs	NSC and UHPC	2 × 1	N/A	1 kg	Contact
Mao et al. [19]	2015	Slabs	UHPFRC	0.6 × 0.6	PE4	0.2 1	0.5
Mazurkiewicz et al. [31]	2015	Columns	HKS-300	1 : 1	HE	4	0.5
Alengaram et al. [15]	2016	Slabs	NC, OPSC, OPSFRC	2 × 1	TNT	1, 5 and 10	1.5
Codina et al. [32]	2016	Columns	RC	1 : 1	Gelamon VF65	12.3	0.6 and 1
Xu et al. [33]	2016	Columns	UHPFRC and HSRC	1 : 1	Emulsion exp.	1.4–48	1.5
Wu and Li [20]	2017	Slabs	RC and RC+ALFC	2 × 0.8	TNT	6, 8 and 12	1.5

RC: reinforced concrete, NC: normal concrete, OPSC: oil palm shell concrete, OPSFRC: oil palm shell fibre-reinforced concrete, SS: steel sheet, SFRC: steel fibre-reinforced concrete, PPFRC: polypropylene fibre-reinforced concrete, FRC: fibre-reinforced concrete, CFST: concrete-filled steel tube, RC + SJ: reinforced concrete with steel jacket, NSC: normal strength concrete, UHPC: ultrahigh-performance concrete, HKS-300-steel I-shaped cross section, PVAFRC: polyvinyl alcoholic fibre-reinforced concrete, PEFRC: polyethylene fibre-reinforced concrete, PPFRC: polypropylene fibre-reinforced concrete, RC+ACJ: reinforced concrete with advanced composite jackets, LCFRC: long carbon fibre-reinforced concrete, UHPFC: ultrahigh-performance fibre concrete, RUHPFC: reinforced ultrahigh-performance fibre concrete, EBFRP: externally bonded fibre-reinforced polymer plates, RC+ALFC: reinforced concrete with aluminium foam claddings, UHPFRC: ultrahigh-performance fibre-reinforced concrete, and HSRC: high-strength-reinforced concrete.