Parameter Sensitivity of Shallow-Bias Tunnel with a Clear Distance Located in Rock

Table 1

Physical and mechanical parameters of the surrounding rock and lining model.

Materials	E (MPa)		Φ (°)	C (kPa)	γ (kN·m^−3)
Weakly weathered rock	600	0.25	39	70	23
Weak rock	130	0.3	27	20	20
Hard rock	1890	0.3	50	150	25
Lining	3450	0.167	—	—	24

E, elastic modulus; , Poisson ratio; Φ, internal friction angle; C, cohesion; γ, bulk density.