Efficiency Advantages and Incentive Mechanism of PPPs: A Qualitative Comparative Analysis under the Chinese Scenario

Table 4

Calibration guidelines.

Variables		Target set	Anchor points
Outcomes	Allocation efficiency (EALL)	High allocative efficiency	5 means completely subordinated; 1 means completely unaffiliated; and an intersection 4 means the crossover points
	Process efficiency (EPRO)	High process efficiency
	Individual efficiency (EIND)	High individual efficiency
Conditions	Competition (COM)	Perfect competition
	Ownership and bundling (OWN)	Property rights are clear and ideally bundled
	Risk transferring (RIS)	Reasonable risk transfer
	Economies of scale (SCA)	With economies of scale
	Cooperation (COO)	Effective cooperation
	Individual efforts (IND)	High-level individual effort