Optimizing the Prediction Accuracy of Friction Capacity of Driven Piles in Cohesive Soil Using a Novel Self-Tuning Least Squares Support Vector Machine

Table 2

Load test records properties and statistical descriptions.

Influencing factors	Unit	Training data				Testing data
		Min	Max	Average	Std	Min	Max	Average	Std
Pile length (L)	m	4.60	96.00	21.56	17.22	8.00	66.40	21.55	14.70
Pile diameter (D)	cm	13.50	76.70	32.98	17.85	11.40	61.00	27.72	13.23
Undrained shear strength ()	kPa	19.00	718.00	135.53	147.12	21.00	244.00	99.63	62.80
Effective vertical stress (Su)	kPa	10.00	335.00	67.99	65.97	9.00	185.00	49.06	42.43
Friction capacity (fs)	kPa	8.00	192.10	45.59	41.32	9.00	88.80	30.18	19.11